HMPV Virus News: Everything You Need to Know About Human Metapneumovirus | World news

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Another pandemic brewing in China? Everything you need to know about Human Metapneumovirus
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Reports from China have raised concerns about an increase in respiratory tract infectionswith claims of overcrowded hospitals and overwhelmed health systems. According to reports, this increase is likely triggered by Human metapneumovirus (HMPV). While some posts on social media describe a crisis, Chinese authorities and the World Health Organization (WHO) have not declared a state of emergency at this time.
This increase in infections is closely monitored as it coincides with the winter season, a time when respiratory diseases naturally peak.
What is HMPV?
Discovered in 2001, HMPV belongs to the Pneumoviridae family, the same family as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It typically causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections that produce symptoms similar to a common cold or flu.
Who is at risk?
According to the Cleveland Clinic, HMPV can infect anyone, but it poses a higher risk of:

  • Children under 5, especially infants.
  • Older adults, especially those over 65.
  • People with a weakened immune system or chronic respiratory disorders such as asthma or COPD.

Symptoms of HMPV
Symptoms commonly associated with HMPV, as noted by the CDC, include:

  • Cough and runny or stuffy nose.
  • Fever and sore throat.
  • Wheezing or shortness of breath in severe cases.
  • In some cases, the infection can escalate to bronchitis, pneumonia or asthma exacerbations.

How HMPV is spread
The virus spreads through:

  • Drops from coughing or sneezing.
  • Close contact, such as touching or shaking hands.
  • Contaminated surfaces, followed by touching the mouth, nose or eyes.

According to the CDC, HMPV has a seasonal pattern that circulates in late winter and spring in temperate regions.
Prevention strategies
The CDC recommends the following steps to reduce the risk of HMPV and other respiratory illnesses:

  • Wash hands frequently with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.
  • Avoid touching your face with unwashed hands.
  • Wear masks in crowded places during outbreaks.
  • Stay home when you are sick to prevent the spread of the virus.
  • Clean frequently touched surfaces regularly.

Diagnosis and testing
HMPV is diagnosed using methods highlighted by the CDC, including:

  • Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) to detect viral genetic material.
  • Immunofluorescence or enzyme immunoassays to identify viral antigens.

Routine tests are rare unless symptoms are severe or there is an outbreak.
Treatment options
There is no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine against HMPV. According to the Cleveland Clinic, management focuses on relieving symptoms:

  • Stay hydrated and rest.
  • Use over-the-counter (OTC) medications for pain, congestion, and fever.
  • Severe cases may require hospitalization for oxygen therapy or intravenous fluids.

Current perspective
Although HMPV is contributing to increased respiratory infections, it is not a new virus or an imminent pandemic threat. Seasonal increases are typical, especially as populations re-expose themselves to pathogens after Covid-19 lockdowns.
When to seek medical attention
According to the Cleveland Clinic, you should contact a health care provider if symptoms:

  • Worse after a few days.
  • Include difficulty breathing or cyanosis (bluish skin).
  • Occurs with chronic health conditions such as asthma or COPD.

For most people, HMPV clears up within a week, but young children, older adults, and those with underlying conditions should remain vigilant. By following preventive measures and staying informed, you can minimize the risk of serious illness.